Although every school has their own admissions criteria for acceptance, they look at the same basic elements: course work, grade point average, standardized test scores, rank in class, activities, essays, letters of recommendation, and interviews (refer to section on admission criteria, page 31). It is worth taking time to learn exactly which elements each school considers most important and what other factors enter into their evaluation. For example, do they base acceptance solely on academics and test scores, or do they favor in-state residents, alumni connections, diversity, demonstrated leadership, or other factors?
Schools normally fall into one of three admission selection categories: open admissions, selective admissions, or competitive admissions.
The schools that use open admissions accept almost every student who has a high school diploma. They do not place a lot of emphasis on the usual selection criteria. There are many community colleges that use open admissions. They often have agreements with state universities to accept their students who do well and obtain an associate’s degree.
The majority of schools in the United States use selective admissions. These schools try to offer admission to almost all of the students who meet their requirements. However, they almost always have more qualified students apply than they are able to select. Acceptance at these schools can be reasonably expected but not guaranteed. It is better to be able to show that you have exceeded the basic requirements.
Schools that use competitive admissions also have many more applicants than they can accept. Even though you may meet the requirements, you cannot be certain you will be accepted. Your record will be compared to many others who are equally qualified. Competitive schools are the ones most likely to see if you have other characteristics or achievements that make you stand out. What unique qualities do you have that will make you a desirable candidate for admission to their freshman class?
Always try for the school you want the most, but keep an open mind. If you are focusing on the most selective colleges, you may be overlooking your own personal needs. Selective does not always mean better. You need to focus on the schools that are right for you, where you can develop your talents to their fullest potential.
Also keep in mind that if you have your heart set on a major that is very competitive, it may be better to pick an easier major or select the undecided option. If you do well in your courses, you may be able to transfer to the harder major later on. For example, if you apply for engineering, the school would most likely compare your record to others interested in the same major and select the best qualified.
If you are not accepted at a particular school but really don’t want to give up, there are a few more things you can try. You can write or call the school to make sure there has not been a mistake. You can send a letter outlining why you should be accepted. You can ask to be put on a waiting list. You can ask for deferred admission and take courses at a local community college in the meantime. Finally, you can pursue an associate’s degree from a community college that has guaranteed admissions to the four year school of your choice and then transfer at the beginning of your junior year.